Pavement, floor, &amp;c., composed of plastic material.



No. 781,869. PATENTED FEB. 7, 1905. J. C. BAYLES. PAVEMENT, FLOOR, &0.,OOMPOSBD OP PLASTIC MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.14, 1903.

Wz'in 63565: I ilzi/eniar Patented February '7, 1905.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

JAMES (J. BAYL 18, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PAVEMENT, FLOOR, &c., COMPOSED 0F PLASTIC MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,869, dated February7, 1905.

Application filed December 14, 1903. Serial No. 185,139.

To 1077 [1'71 emif 'III//I/ l/ concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES C. BAYLES, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of New York, county and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Pavements, Floors, 620.,Composed of Plastic Material, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure Ishows in plan view a pavement constructed in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section thereof. Figs. and 4 showin plan view modified forms of the grille.

My invention relates to improvements in road-su rfaces,street-pavements,and other surfaces made from material plastic at the time of use, suchas asphalt, concrete, or cement.

The object of my invention is to correct the defects which are found inpractice to exist in pavements and other surfaces of material laid in aplastic condition. In the case of asphalt roadways and street-surfacesthese defects are (/1) their dangerous slipperiness when wet or cold,causing horses to fall upon them; (6) their inability to afford anadequate foothold for horses when drawing heavy loads, in stoppingquickly, or in backing; (0) their tendency to wear unequally; ((Z) theirtendency to flow or creep in hot weather. To correct these features, Iemploy -the device shown in the accompanying drawings, which showgrilles for use in connection with a plastic material employed to give awearing-surface in roadways for vehicles or pedestrians.

In the drawings, 2 2. are the grilles, and 3 the plastic material, ofthe pavement.

In carrying out my invention as applied to the improvement of roadways,street-surfaces, lanes, &c., laid with asphalt or other bituminousmaterial I prepare mygrilles by bending flexible strips or ribbons ofiron or steel into the form best adapted to accomplish the objectsimmediately in view. The strips or ribbons of iron or steel are of suchthickness and width as the traffic and other conditions may require. Inconnection with asphalt streetpavcments in ordinary practice I shallmake my grilles of strips or ribbons of iron or steel aboutone inch wideand about one-eighth of an inch thick, each long enough to form from onepiece by bending edge up a grille covering a superlicial area abouttwelve inches square. It will be understood that the widthor thicknessof the strip or ribbon, the pattern into which it is to be bent orfolded, and the superlicial area of the grille are not arbitrary, butmay be varied as may be found :ulvantageous in dealing with givenconditions. One general form or pattern which will be found especiallyadvantageous and useful is that in which the free ends of the strip areso disposed by the bending as to place them within the periphery of thepattern. One of the many patterns which may be thus constructed is shownin Fig. a, and the obvious advantage of such a pattern is that the freeend is thus shielded by the surrounding convolutions of the strip and isprevented from being exposed and turned upward out of a plastic materialby any unusual wear or lifting, such as might result from contact with ahorseshoe-calk, especially when the plastic material is softened byheat.

In laying a new asphalt pavement or relaying an old one by resurfacingit after the superficial layer is spread and partly :smoothed I disposemy grilles edgewise in position, hot or cold, as may be found mostiulvantageous, and partly embed them in the plastic material with whichthey are to be incorporated by malleting or pressure. I then pass aroadroller back and forth over them, condensing the material and at thesame time pressing the grilles into the plastic material until the upperedges of the folds or convolutions composing them are H ush with thesurface. They are thus incorporated into the plastic material of thewearing-surface of the pavement, dividing it by lines of metal sodisposed as best to accomplish the purpose sought in each instance.Being harder and more resistant to wear than any bituminous or otherplastic material, the grilles do not wear down as fast as the materialin which they are inserted, and by the slight protrusion of the edges ofthe bent strips of metal from which they are formed they give thefoothold to horses required and equalize the wear of the streetsurface.The grilles do not extend through the wearing-surface to the rigid baseof the pavement, but terminate above the same, as shown in Fig. 2, andbeing of flexlble nature the elasticity of the pavement is preserved andall inequality of wear is prevented. It is therefore important that thegrilles should not be composed of a rigid frame or structure.

I claim 1. A pavement formed of plastic material having embeddededgewise in its surface a grille consisting of a single strip of metalfolded to bring the edges of the folds into a common plane;substantially as described.

2. A pavement formed of plastic material having embedded edgewise in itssurface, and terminating above the rigid base of the pavement, a grilleconsisting of a metal strip folded to bring the edges of the folds intoa common plane; substantially as described.

8. A pavement formed of plastic material JAMES (J. BAYLES.

l/Vitnesses:

FRED J. iVILLocK, EDWARD A. DITHMAR.

